Network, Computer and Programming Resources

Network - Bang Path

On the Internet, a bang path is a series of names that specifies a path between two nodes. A bang path is used in uucp (UNIXto- UNIX copy program) and sometimes for e-mail (electronic mail) or communications on BITNET. The path consists of domain or machine names separated by exclamation points (!), known as bangs in some computing circles. For example, in a bang path such as hither!thither!yon, hither might be a gateway, thither a computer, and yon a user. Bang paths go back to the days before automatic routing, because explicit paths Digital Transmission Bandwidths 88 Bang Path BANDWIDTHS ON THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM NAME BANDWIDTH (FREQUENCY RANGE) WAVELENGTH COMMENTS Ultra-low frequency (ULF) Extra low frequency (ELF) Voice frequency (VF) Very low frequency (VLF) Low frequency (LF) Medium frequency (MF) High frequency (HF) Very high frequency (VHF) Ultra-high frequency (UHF) Super high frequency (SHF) Extremely high frequency (EHF) Infrared(IR) Visible Ultraviolet (UV) X-ray .001 Hz (hertz)-1 Hz 30 Hz-300 Hz 300 Hz-3 kHz (kilohertz) 3 kHz-30 kHz 20 kHz-100 kHz 30 kHz-300 kHz 300 kHz-3 MHz 3 MHz-30 MHz 30 MHz-300 MHz 300 MHz-3 GHz 3 GHz- 30 GHz 30 GHz-300 GHz 300GHz-300THz 300 GHz-430 THz 430 THz- 750 THz 750 THz-30 PHz (petahertz, or quadrillions of hertz; a quadrillion is 1015, or roughly 250) 30 PHz-30 EHz (exahertz, or quintillions of hertz; a quintillion is 1018, or roughly 260) 300 Gm (gigameter, or billions of meters)- 300 Mm (megameter, or millions of meters) 10 Mm-1 Mm 1 Mm-100 km (kilometer) 100 km-10 km 150 km-30 km 10 km-1 km 1 km-100 m 100 m-10 m 10 m-1 m 1 m-10 cm 10 cm-1 cm 1 cm-1 mm 1 mm-1 micron 1 mm-0.7 micron 0.7 micron-0.4 micron 400 nm - 10 nm 10 nm-0.01 nm Subsonic Audible spectrum Ultrasonic Long wave Medium wave Ultra-shortwave Ultramicrowave Visible spectrum Ultraviolet X-ray were needed when sending to or communicating with another location.